It defines how fair value for assets, liabilities and equity instruments should be determined using a market-based approach. Used in multiple standards wherever “fair value” is referenced.
There is a need to test whether the carrying amount of assets or cash generating units (CGUs) exceeds their recoverable amount. Appraisal determines the recoverable value using discounted cash flows or other accepted methods.
Purchase Price Allocation (PPA) is required - this involves distributing the acquisition consideration among identifiable assets, liabilities, and goodwill at their fair value.
Valuation of ESOPs (Employee Stock Option Plans) or other equity-based compensation using models such as Black-Scholes or Monte Carlo.
Appropriate pricing is required for derivatives, convertible instruments and other financial assets or liabilities.
Valuation for internally generated or acquired intangibles such as patents, trademarks, or goodwill is required for financial reporting and impairment testing.